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<svg width="700" height="260" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<marker id="lora-arrow" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="5" refX="7" refY="2.5" orient="auto">
<polygon points="0 0, 7 2.5, 0 5" fill="#555"/>
</marker>
</defs>
<text x="350" y="22" fill="#333" font-size="14" font-weight="bold" text-anchor="middle">LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation</text>
<!-- Input x -->
<rect x="30" y="100" width="50" height="60" rx="5" fill="#95a5a6" opacity="0.2" stroke="#333" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<text x="55" y="135" fill="#333" font-size="13" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">x</text>
<text x="55" y="90" fill="#666" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">Input</text>
<!-- Two paths -->
<!-- Top path: frozen W (large) -->
<line x1="80" y1="115" x2="150" y2="75" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<rect x="155" y="45" width="120" height="60" rx="6" fill="#3498db" opacity="0.1" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="2"/>
<text x="215" y="72" fill="#3498db" font-size="13" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">W</text>
<text x="215" y="88" fill="#3498db" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">d × d (frozen)</text>
<!-- Lock icon -->
<text x="260" y="60" fill="#3498db" font-size="14">&#x1F512;</text>
<line x1="275" y1="75" x2="440" y2="115" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<!-- Bottom path: LoRA B*A (small) -->
<line x1="80" y1="145" x2="130" y2="185" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<!-- A matrix (down-project) -->
<rect x="135" y="170" width="70" height="40" rx="5" fill="#e74c3c" opacity="0.15" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="2"/>
<text x="170" y="188" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="11" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">A</text>
<text x="170" y="203" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle">r × d</text>
<line x1="205" y1="190" x2="235" y2="190" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<!-- Bottleneck indicator -->
<rect x="240" y="180" width="25" height="20" rx="4" fill="#f39c12" opacity="0.2" stroke="#f39c12" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<text x="252" y="194" fill="#f39c12" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">r</text>
<line x1="265" y1="190" x2="295" y2="190" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<!-- B matrix (up-project) -->
<rect x="300" y="170" width="70" height="40" rx="5" fill="#e74c3c" opacity="0.15" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="2"/>
<text x="335" y="188" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="11" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">B</text>
<text x="335" y="203" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle">d × r</text>
<line x1="370" y1="185" x2="440" y2="145" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<!-- Trainable badge -->
<text x="252" y="228" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">trainable</text>
<!-- Addition node -->
<circle cx="455" cy="130" r="18" fill="#27ae60" opacity="0.15" stroke="#27ae60" stroke-width="2"/>
<text x="455" y="136" fill="#27ae60" font-size="16" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">+</text>
<!-- Output -->
<line x1="473" y1="130" x2="530" y2="130" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#lora-arrow)"/>
<rect x="535" y="100" width="55" height="60" rx="5" fill="#27ae60" opacity="0.12" stroke="#27ae60" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<text x="562" y="128" fill="#27ae60" font-size="11" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">h =</text>
<text x="562" y="145" fill="#27ae60" font-size="10" text-anchor="middle">(W+BA)x</text>
<!-- Parameter comparison -->
<rect x="610" y="60" width="78" height="100" rx="6" fill="#f5f5f5" stroke="#ddd" stroke-width="1"/>
<text x="649" y="80" fill="#333" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">Parameters</text>
<text x="649" y="100" fill="#3498db" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">W: d² = 65K</text>
<text x="649" y="118" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">A+B: 2dr</text>
<text x="649" y="133" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">= 2K</text>
<text x="649" y="152" fill="#27ae60" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">32× fewer</text>
<!-- Bottom note -->
<text x="350" y="252" fill="#666" font-size="10" text-anchor="middle">W is frozen (no gradients). Only the small matrices A and B are trained. At inference, merge: W' = W + BA.</text>
</svg>