qfedu-cpp-level/day8/d10.cpp

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2023-08-02 19:23:29 +08:00
// 异常的多态
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Exception
{
private:
string msg;
public:
Exception()
{
this->msg = "";
cout << this << " : Exception()" << endl;
}
Exception(const string &msg)
{
this->msg = msg;
cout << this << " : Exception(const string &)" << endl;
}
Exception(const Exception &other)
{
this->msg = other.msg;
cout << this << " : Exception(const Exception &)" << endl;
}
~Exception() { cout << this << " : ~Exception()" << endl; }
public:
string &getMsg() // const 表示该成员函数不会修改成员变量
{
return this->msg;
}
};
class ZeroDivisionException : public Exception
{
public:
ZeroDivisionException() {}
ZeroDivisionException(const string &msg) : Exception(msg) {}
};
class OutOfRangeException : public Exception
{
public:
OutOfRangeException() {}
OutOfRangeException(const string &msg) : Exception(msg) {}
};
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
int n = atoi(argv[1]);
try
{
if (n == 0)
// 抛出子类的异常对象
throw ZeroDivisionException("除数为不能 0");
else if (n >= 20)
throw OutOfRangeException("范围越界 20");
else if (n == 10)
throw Exception("n 不能为 10");
else
cout << "n = " << n << endl;
}
catch (ZeroDivisionException &error) // 接子类引用
{
cout << "精准捕获到子类异常: " << error.getMsg() << endl;
}
catch (Exception &e) // 接父类引用(要写到子类异常的后面)
{
cout << "捕获异常: " << e.getMsg() << endl;
}
catch (...) // 捕获所有异常
{
cout << "捕获所有异常" << endl;
}
return 0;
}