feat: 完整中文翻译 maths-cs-ai-compendium（数学·计算机科学·AI 知识大全）

翻译自英文原版 maths-cs-ai-compendium，共 20 章全部完成。

第01章 向量 | 第02章 矩阵 | 第03章 微积分
第04章 统计学 | 第05章 概率论 | 第06章 机器学习
第07章 计算语言学 | 第08章 计算机视觉 | 第09章 音频与语音
第10章 多模态学习 | 第11章 自主系统 | 第12章 图神经网络
第13章 计算与操作系统 | 第14章 数据结构与算法
第15章 生产级软件工程 | 第16章 SIMD与GPU编程
第17章 AI推理 | 第18章 ML系统设计
第19章 应用人工智能 | 第20章 前沿人工智能

翻译说明：
- 所有数学公式 $...$ / $$...$$、代码块、图片引用完整保留
- mkdocs.yml 配置中文导航 + language: zh
- README.md 已翻译为中文（兼 docs/index.md）
- docs/ 目录包含指向各章文件的 symlink
- 约 29,000 行中文内容，排除 .cache/ 构建缓存

images/deeplab_aspp.svg

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+  </defs>
+  <text x="350" y="22" fill="#333" font-size="14" font-weight="bold" text-anchor="middle">DeepLab: Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP)</text>
+
+  <!-- Left: Atrous convolution illustration -->
+  <text x="130" y="48" fill="#333" font-size="11" font-weight="bold" text-anchor="middle">Atrous (Dilated) Convolution</text>
+
+  <!-- Rate 1 (standard 3x3) -->
+  <text x="60" y="70" fill="#3498db" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">rate=1</text>
+  <g transform="translate(25, 75)">
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+    <!-- 5x5 grid, centre 3x3 filled -->
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+    <rect x="28" y="14" width="14" height="14" fill="#3498db" opacity="0.4" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1"/>
+    <rect x="42" y="14" width="14" height="14" fill="#3498db" opacity="0.4" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1"/>
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+    <rect x="42" y="42" width="14" height="14" fill="#3498db" opacity="0.4" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1"/>
+  </g>
+  <text x="60" y="158" fill="#3498db" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle">RF: 3×3</text>
+
+  <!-- Rate 2 -->
+  <text x="170" y="70" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">rate=2</text>
+  <g transform="translate(135, 75)">
+    <rect x="0" y="0" width="70" height="70" fill="#eee" stroke="#ccc" stroke-width="0.5"/>
+    <!-- Dilated: skip one -->
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+    <rect x="0" y="28" width="14" height="14" fill="#e74c3c" opacity="0.4" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1"/>
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+  </g>
+  <text x="170" y="158" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle">RF: 5×5, 9 params</text>
+
+  <!-- ASPP module (right side) -->
+  <text x="475" y="48" fill="#333" font-size="11" font-weight="bold" text-anchor="middle">ASPP Module</text>
+
+  <!-- Input feature map -->
+  <rect x="290" y="68" width="60" height="60" rx="3" fill="#ecf0f1" stroke="#999" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="320" y="102" fill="#333" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle">Features</text>
+
+  <!-- Parallel branches -->
+  <!-- Branch 1: 1x1 conv -->
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+  <rect x="400" y="55" width="70" height="25" rx="4" fill="#3498db" opacity="0.15" stroke="#3498db" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="435" y="72" fill="#3498db" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">1×1 (r=1)</text>
+
+  <!-- Branch 2: 3x3 rate 6 -->
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+  <rect x="400" y="82" width="70" height="25" rx="4" fill="#e74c3c" opacity="0.15" stroke="#e74c3c" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="435" y="99" fill="#e74c3c" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">3×3 (r=6)</text>
+
+  <!-- Branch 3: 3x3 rate 12 -->
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+  <rect x="400" y="109" width="70" height="25" rx="4" fill="#27ae60" opacity="0.15" stroke="#27ae60" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="435" y="126" fill="#27ae60" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">3×3 (r=12)</text>
+
+  <!-- Branch 4: 3x3 rate 18 -->
+  <line x1="350" y1="108" x2="395" y2="128" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1" marker-end="url(#dl-arrow)"/>
+  <rect x="400" y="136" width="70" height="25" rx="4" fill="#f39c12" opacity="0.15" stroke="#f39c12" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="435" y="153" fill="#f39c12" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">3×3 (r=18)</text>
+
+  <!-- Branch 5: Global Average Pool -->
+  <line x1="350" y1="118" x2="395" y2="148" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1" marker-end="url(#dl-arrow)"/>
+  <rect x="400" y="163" width="70" height="25" rx="4" fill="#9b59b6" opacity="0.15" stroke="#9b59b6" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="435" y="180" fill="#9b59b6" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">GAP + 1×1</text>
+
+  <!-- All branches merge -->
+  <line x1="470" y1="68" x2="510" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1"/>
+  <line x1="470" y1="95" x2="510" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1"/>
+  <line x1="470" y1="122" x2="510" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1"/>
+  <line x1="470" y1="149" x2="510" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1"/>
+  <line x1="470" y1="176" x2="510" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1"/>
+
+  <!-- Concat -->
+  <rect x="515" y="105" width="55" height="30" rx="4" fill="#333" opacity="0.08" stroke="#333" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="543" y="124" fill="#333" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">Concat</text>
+
+  <!-- 1x1 conv fusion -->
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+  <rect x="600" y="105" width="55" height="30" rx="4" fill="#333" opacity="0.08" stroke="#333" stroke-width="1.5"/>
+  <text x="628" y="124" fill="#333" font-size="8" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">1×1 conv</text>
+
+  <!-- Output -->
+  <line x1="655" y1="120" x2="680" y2="120" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1.2" marker-end="url(#dl-arrow)"/>
+  <text x="690" y="124" fill="#333" font-size="8" text-anchor="start">Out</text>
+
+  <!-- Bottom notes -->
+  <rect x="50" y="200" width="600" height="70" rx="6" fill="#f5f5f5" stroke="#333" stroke-width="1"/>
+  <text x="350" y="220" fill="#333" font-size="10" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold">How Atrous Convolution Works</text>
+  <text x="350" y="236" fill="#666" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">Standard 3×3 filter with gaps of (rate−1) between elements. Rate r gives receptive field (2r+1)×(2r+1).</text>
+  <text x="350" y="252" fill="#666" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">ASPP applies multiple rates in parallel to capture context at multiple scales — like Inception but with dilation.</text>
+  <text x="350" y="264" fill="#666" font-size="9" text-anchor="middle">Global average pooling branch captures image-level context (what's the overall scene?).</text>
+</svg>